MCQs with Answer:Life Cycle Of Pteridophytes
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Q: How many generations are there in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) One
- B) Two
- C) Three
- D) Four
- Answer: B) Two
- Explanation: Pteridophytes exhibit an alternation of generations between sporophyte and gametophyte.
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Q: What does the sporophyte generation produce in pteridophytes?
- A) Gametes
- B) Spores
- C) Seeds
- D) Fruits
- Answer: B) Spores
- Explanation: Sporophytes produce spores through meiosis.
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Q: What is the ploidy level of the gametophyte in pteridophytes?
- A) Diploid
- B) Haploid
- C) Triploid
- D) Tetraploid
- Answer: B) Haploid
- Explanation: Gametophytes are haploid in their life cycle.
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Q: What is the primary function of sporangia in pteridophytes?
- A) Photosynthesis
- B) Reproduction
- C) Water absorption
- D) Nutrient transport
- Answer: B) Reproduction
- Explanation: Sporangia produce spores for reproduction.
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Q: How are spores formed in pteridophytes?
- A) Mitosis
- B) Meiosis
- C) Fertilization
- D) Budding
- Answer: B) Meiosis
- Explanation: Spores are produced through meiosis in sporangia.
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Q: What is the result of spore germination in pteridophytes?
- A) Formation of gametes
- B) Development of a sporophyte
- C) Photosynthesis
- D) Asexual reproduction
- Answer: B) Development of a sporophyte
- Explanation: Spores germinate into gametophytes, leading to sporophyte development.
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Q: Where does fertilization occur in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) Sporangia
- B) Gametophytes
- C) Fronds
- D) Vascular tissues
- Answer: B) Gametophytes
- Explanation: Fertilization occurs on the gametophyte, where male and female gametes unite.
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Q: What is the significance of the alternation of generations in pteridophytes?
- A) Increased genetic diversity
- B) Enhanced photosynthesis
- C) Faster growth
- D) Resistance to diseases
- Answer: A) Increased genetic diversity
- Explanation: Alternation of generations promotes genetic diversity in the population.
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Q: What is the role of vascular tissues in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) Nutrient absorption
- B) Water transport
- C) Gamete production
- D) Spore dispersal
- Answer: B) Water transport
- Explanation: Vascular tissues help in the transport of water and nutrients.
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Q: When does the transition from gametophyte to sporophyte occur?
- A) During fertilization
- B) During spore germination
- C) During meiosis
- D) During sporangia formation
- Answer: A) During fertilization
- Explanation: The zygote formed during fertilization develops into a new sporophyte.
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Q: Which part of the pteridophyte produces spores?
- A) Vascular tissues
- B) Fronds
- C) Gametophytes
- D) Sporangia
- Answer: D) Sporangia
- Explanation: Sporangia are specialized structures that produce spores in pteridophytes.
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Q: What is the primary purpose of spores in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) Asexual reproduction
- B) Nutrient storage
- C) Gamete formation
- D) Seed production
- Answer: A) Asexual reproduction
- Explanation: Spores serve as the means of asexual reproduction in pteridophytes.
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Q: What type of cells undergo meiosis in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) Gametes
- B) Spores
- C) Zygotes
- D) Meristematic cells
- Answer: A) Gametes
- Explanation: Meiosis occurs in specialized cells that produce gametes.
-
Q: In which generation is fertilization a crucial step in pteridophytes?
- A) Gametophyte
- B) Sporophyte
- C) Both
- D) Neither
- Answer: A) Gametophyte
- Explanation: Fertilization occurs on the gametophyte, leading to zygote formation.
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Q: What happens after fertilization in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) Spore formation
- B) Gametophyte development
- C) Sporophyte development
- D) Zygote dispersal
- Answer: C) Sporophyte development
- Explanation: The zygote develops into a new sporophyte after fertilization.
-
Q: Which of the following is a haploid structure in pteridophytes?
- A) Sporangium
- B) Zygote
- C) Sporophyte
- D) Frond
- Answer: B) Zygote
- Explanation: The zygote is diploid, while structures like spores and gametophytes are haploid.
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Q: Where are spores typically released from in pteridophytes?
- A) Gametophytes
- B) Vascular tissues
- C) Fronds
- D) Sporangia
- Answer: D) Sporangia
- Explanation: Spores are released from structures called sporangia.
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Q: What is the role of fronds in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) Spore dispersal
- B) Photosynthesis
- C) Gamete production
- D) Fertilization
- Answer: B) Photosynthesis
- Explanation: Fronds are the leaves of pteridophytes that contribute to photosynthesis.
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Q: How do spores contribute to the dispersal of pteridophytes?
- A) By wind
- B) by water
- C) By animals
- D) All of the above
- Answer: D) All of the above
- Explanation: Spores can be dispersed by various means, including wind, water, and animals.
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Q: What triggers the transition from gametophyte to sporophyte in pteridophytes?
- A) Fertilization
- B) Meiosis
- C) Spore germination
- D) Sporangia formation
- Answer: A) Fertilization
- Explanation: Fertilization initiates the development of a new sporophyte.
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Q: What is the primary function of gametophytes in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) Spore production
- B) Nutrient absorption
- C) Fertilization
- D) Gamete production
- Answer: D) Gamete production
- Explanation: Gametophytes produce male and female gametes for fertilization.
-
Q: Which part of the life cycle is typically more dominant in pteridophytes?
- A) Gametophyte
- B) Sporophyte
- C) Both are equally dominant.
- D) Neither dominates
- Answer: B) Sporophyte
- Explanation: The sporophyte phase is usually the more dominant and long-lived phase.
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Q: In pteridophytes, what is the product of the fusion of male and female gametes?
- A) Spore
- B) Zygote
- C) Gametophyte
- D) Frond
- Answer: B) Zygote
- Explanation: The fusion of male and female gametes results in the formation of a diploid zygote.
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Q: How do spores contribute to the diversity of pteridophytes?
- A) By producing more fronds
- B) By generating genetic variation
- C) By increasing gamete production
- D) by enhancing photosynthesis
- Answer: B) By generating genetic variation
- Explanation: Spores contribute to genetic diversity by undergoing meiosis during sporangia formation.
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Q: What is the primary purpose of the frond in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) Spore dispersal
- B) Gamete production
- C) Photosynthesis
- D) Fertilization
- Answer: C) Photosynthesis
- Explanation: Fronds are primarily responsible for photosynthesis in pteridophytes.
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Q: Where does the zygote develop into a new sporophyte in pteridophytes?
- A) In the gametophyte
- B) In the frond
- C) in the sporangium
- D) in the soil
- Answer: A) In the gametophyte
- Explanation: The zygote undergoes development within the gametophyte to become a new sporophyte.
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Q: What is the primary advantage of the alternation of generations in pteridophytes?
- A) Faster growth
- B) Enhanced reproduction
- C) Increased genetic diversity
- D) Resistance to diseases
- Answer: C) Increased genetic diversity
- Explanation: Alternation of generations promotes genetic diversity in the population.
-
Q: Which part of the pteridophyte life cycle is adapted for dispersal?
- A) Sporophyte
- B) Gametophyte
- C) Zygote
- D) Spores
- Answer: D) Spores
- Explanation: Spores are adapted for dispersal to new locations.
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Q: What triggers the germination of spores in pteridophytes?
- A) Fertilization
- B) Water availability
- C) Sunlight exposure
- D) Frond development
- Answer: B) Water availability
- Explanation: Spores germinate in the presence of water to initiate gametophyte development.
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Q: In pteridophytes, what is the main function of the sporangium?
- A) Gamete production
- B) Spore dispersal
- C) Photosynthesis
- D) Water absorption
- Answer: B) Spore dispersal
- Explanation: Sporangia release spores for dispersal, contributing to reproduction.
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Q: Which structure in pteridophytes is responsible for the dispersal of spores?
- A) Gametophyte
- B) Zygote
- C) Frond
- D) Sporangium
- Answer: D) Sporangium
- Explanation: Sporangia release spores for dispersal to new environments.
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Q: How does water assist in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) Promotes spore germination
- B) Enhances frond development
- C) Induces fertilization
- D) increases sporangium size
- Answer: A) Promotes spore germination
- Explanation: Water availability is crucial for initiating spore germination.
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Q: What role do fronds play in the alternation of generations in pteridophytes?
- A) Spore production
- B) Gametophyte development
- C) Fertilization
- D) Sporophyte growth
- Answer: D) Sporophyte growth
- Explanation: Fronds support the growth and development of the sporophyte generation.
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Q: Why is genetic diversity essential for the survival of pteridophytes?
- A) Increases frond size
- B) enhances resistance to diseases
- C) Accelerates spore production
- D) promotes adaptation to changing environments
- Answer: D) Promotes adaptation to changing environments
- Explanation: Genetic diversity allows for adaptation to diverse environmental conditions.
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Q: Where are male gametes produced in pteridophytes?
- A) Antheridium
- B) Archegonium
- C) Frond
- D) Sporangium
- Answer: A) Antheridium
- Explanation: Male gametes (sperm) are produced in structures called antheridia.
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Q: What is the primary function of the zygote in pteridophytes?
- A) Producing spores
- B) Developing into a new species
- C) Enhancing gametophyte growth
- D) Initiating spore dispersal
- Answer: B) Developing into a new species
- Explanation: The zygote undergoes development to become a new sporophyte.
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Q: Where does fertilization occur in the life cycle of homosporous pteridophytes?
- A) Antheridium
- B) Archegonium
- C) Sporangium
- D) Frond
- Answer: B) Archegonium
- Explanation: In homosporous pteridophytes, fertilization occurs in the archegonium, where the egg is produced.
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Q: What is the purpose of the antheridium in pteridophytes?
- A) Spore dispersal
- B) Photosynthesis
- C) Fertilization
- D) Nutrient absorption
- Answer: C) Fertilization
- Explanation: The antheridium produces male gametes (sperm) for fertilization.
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Q: Which generation is typically more reduced in pteridophytes?
- A) Sporophyte
- B) Gametophyte
- C) Both are equally reduced.
- D) Neither is reduced.
- Answer: B) Gametophyte
- Explanation: The gametophyte phase is generally smaller in size and structure.
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Q: What is the main advantage of spore dispersal in pteridophytes?
- A) Accelerates frond development
- B) Facilitates fertilization
- C) Ensures genetic diversity
- D) promotes sporangium growth
- Answer: C) Ensures genetic diversity
- Explanation: Spore dispersal contributes to genetic diversity in the population.
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Q: What is the primary function of the archegonium in pteridophytes?
- A) Spore dispersal
- B) Photosynthesis
- C) Fertilization
- D) Gamete production
- Answer: C) Fertilization
- Explanation: The archegonium produces and protects the egg, where fertilization takes place.
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Q: What structure produces female gametes in pteridophytes?
- A) Antheridium
- B) Archegonium
- C) Sporangium
- D) Frond
- Answer: B) Archegonium
- Explanation: The archegonium produces female gametes (eggs) for fertilization.
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Q: In the alternation of generations, which phase is haploid in pteridophytes?
- A) Sporophyte
- B) Gametophyte
- C) Both are haploid.
- D) Neither is haploid.
- Answer: B) Gametophyte
- Explanation: The gametophyte phase is the haploid generation in the alternation of generations.
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Q: What is the primary advantage of having a multicellular gametophyte in pteridophytes?
- A) Increased spore production
- B) Enhanced nutrient absorption
- C) Better adaptation to dry conditions
- D) Improved protection of gametes
- Answer: D) Improved protection of gametes
- Explanation: Multicellular gametophytes provide better protection for developing gametes.
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Q: Which part of the life cycle is more prominent in the terrestrial environment for pteridophytes?
- A) Sporophyte
- B) Gametophyte
- C) Both are equally prominent.
- D) Neither is prominent.
- Answer: A) Sporophyte
- Explanation: The sporophyte phase dominates the terrestrial environment in pteridophytes.
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Q: What structure protects and nourishes the developing sporophyte in pteridophytes?
- A) Frond
- B) Archegonium
- C) Sporangium
- D) Gametophyte
- Answer: B) Archegonium
- Explanation: The archegonium protects and provides nutrients to the developing sporophyte.
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Q: How do spores contribute to the survival of pteridophytes in unfavorable conditions?
- A) By enhancing photosynthesis
- B) By producing more fronds
- C) By forming a resistant outer layer
- D) By increasing gamete production
- Answer: C) By forming a resistant outer layer
- Explanation: Spores often have a resistant outer layer, aiding survival in harsh conditions.
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Q: What triggers the development of the gametophyte in pteridophytes?
- A) Spore dispersal
- B) Fertilization
- C) Spore germination
- D) Frond formation
- Answer: C) Spore germination
- Explanation: Spores germinate to initiate the development of the gametophyte.
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Q: How does the alternation of generations contribute to the adaptability of pteridophytes?
- A) By increasing spore production
- B) By providing a larger sporophyte
- C) By allowing both haploid and diploid stages
- D) By promoting frond development
- Answer: C) By allowing both haploid and diploid stages
- Explanation: Alternation of generations introduces both haploid and diploid stages, enhancing adaptability.
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Q: Where are spores typically formed in pteridophytes?
- A) Antheridium
- B) Archegonium
- C) Sporangium
- D) Frond
- Answer: C) Sporangium
- Explanation: Spores are produced within structures known as sporangia.
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Q: Which type of life cycle do pteridophytes have?
- A) Monocyclic
- B) Haplobiontic
- C) Haploid-diploid
- D) Alternation of generations
- Answer: D) Alternation of generations
- Explanation: Pteridophytes exhibit an alternation of generations life cycles, involving both haploid (gametophyte) and diploid (sporophyte) phases.
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Q: Which is the dominant phase in the life cycle of pteridophytes?
- A) Gametophyte
- B) Zygote
- C) Sporophyte
- D) Frond
- Answer: C) Sporophyte
- Explanation: The sporophyte phase is the dominant and long-lived phase in the life cycle of pteridophytes.
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Q: Where do pteridophytes grow?
- A) Underwater
- B) Desert regions
- C) Terrestrial environments
- D) Airborne
- Answer: C) Terrestrial environments
- Explanation: Pteridophytes are primarily found in terrestrial environments, ranging from moist habitats to drier regions.
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Q: What is the most accepted classification of pteridophytes?
- A) Lycopodiophyta
- B) Psilophyta
- C) Pterophyta
- D) Sphenophyta
- Answer: (C) Pterophyta
- Explanation: The most accepted classification of pteridophytes is under the division Pterophyta, which includes ferns and their allies.
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