Paper Chromatography MCQS with Answers
1. What is the fundamental principle behind paper chromatography?
a) Separation based on boiling points b) Separation based on solubility c) Separation based on affinity for a stationary phase d) Separation based on density
Answer: c) Separation based on affinity for a stationary phase
Solution: Paper chromatography separates components of a mixture based on their relative affinity for the stationary phase, typically cellulose fibres in filter paper.
2. Which phase acts as a carrier for sample components in paper chromatography? a) Stationary phase b) Mobile phase c) Analytical phase d) Separation phase
Answer: b) Mobile phase
Solution: The mobile phase moves through the stationary phase, carrying the sample components along with it during paper chromatography.
3. What is the primary role of the stationary phase in paper chromatography? a) Carrying the sample components b) Facilitating separation c) Enhancing resolution d) Preventing migration of sample components
Answer: b) Facilitating separation
Solution: The stationary phase provides a matrix for the sample components to interact with, leading to their separation based on affinity.
4. What determines the migration of sample components in paper chromatography? a) pH of the mobile phase b) Polarity of the stationary phase c) Size of the sample components d) Composition of the solvent system
Answer: d) Composition of the solvent system
Solution: The composition of the solvent system influences the migration of sample components by affecting their affinity for the stationary phase.
5. In which field is paper chromatography commonly used for analyzing drug purity and identifying impurities? a) Pharmacology b) Forensics c) Environmental science d) Biochemistry
Answer: a) Pharmacology
Solution: Paper chromatography is utilized in pharmaceuticals for analyzing drug purity and identifying impurities.
6. What advantage does paper chromatography offer in terms of equipment and cost? a) Requires complex equipment b) Requires minimal equipment c) Expensive to implement d) Suitable only for large laboratories
Answer: b) Requires minimal equipment
Solution: Paper chromatography is simple and cost-effective, requiring minimal equipment and suitable for routine analysis in laboratories with limited resources.
7. Which parameter can be optimized to achieve superior separation in paper chromatography? a) Complexity of the sample b) pH of the mobile phase c) Density of the stationary phase d) Temperature of the environment
Answer: b) pH of the mobile phase
Solution: By optimizing the pH of the mobile phase, chromatographers can achieve superior separation and resolution of components in paper chromatography.
8. What scientific discipline employs paper chromatography for analyzing amino acids and nucleic acids? a) Pharmacology b) Forensics c) Environmental science d) Biochemistry
Answer: d) Biochemistry
Solution: In biochemistry, paper chromatography is employed for analyzing amino acids, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules.
9. Which factor does not influence the effectiveness of separation in paper chromatography? a) Nature of the sample components b) Composition of the solvent system c) pH of the mobile phase d) Temperature of the environment
Answer: d) Temperature of the environment
Solution: While temperature can affect chromatographic techniques, it does not directly influence the effectiveness of separation in paper chromatography.
10. What is a key advantage of paper chromatography in terms of resolution and reproducibility? a) Low resolution b) Low reproducibility c) High resolution d) High cost
Answer: c) High resolution
Solution: Paper chromatography offers high resolution and reproducibility, making it a preferred choice for qualitative and quantitative analysis of diverse sample types.
11. Which phase provides a matrix for the sample components to interact with in paper chromatography? a) Mobile phase b) Analytical phase c) Stationary phase d) Separation phase
Answer: c) Stationary phase
Solution: The stationary phase, typically cellulose fibres in filter paper, provides a matrix for the sample components to interact with during paper chromatography.
12. What aspect of paper chromatography makes it valuable for routine analysis in laboratories with limited resources? a) Complexity b) Cost-effectiveness c) Sensitivity d) Precision
Answer: b) Cost-effectiveness
Solution: Paper chromatography is cost-effective, requiring minimal equipment and suitable for routine analysis in laboratories with limited resources.
13. Which field utilizes paper chromatography for monitoring pollutants in water and air samples? a) Pharmacology b) Forensics c) Environmental science d) Biochemistry
Answer: c) Environmental science
Solution: Environmental scientists utilize paper chromatography for monitoring pollutants in water and air samples.
14. What role does capillary action play in paper chromatography? a) Moves the mobile phase through the stationary phase b) Facilitates interaction between sample components and the stationary phase c) Determines the composition of the solvent system d) Enhances resolution and reproducibility
Answer: a) Moves the mobile phase through the stationary phase
Solution: Capillary action allows the mobile phase to move through the stationary phase, carrying the sample components along with it during paper chromatography.
15. What distinguishes paper chromatography from other chromatographic techniques? a) Choice of stationary phase b) Choice of mobile phase c) Utilization of filter paper d) Separation based on boiling points
Answer: c) Utilization of filter paper
Solution: Paper chromatography utilizes filter paper as the stationary phase, distinguishing it from other chromatographic techniques that may use different stationary phases.
16. Which term describes the process of separating components of a mixture based on their relative affinity for a stationary phase and a mobile phase? a) Filtration b) Distillation c) Chromatography d) Precipitation
Answer: c) Chromatography
Solution: Chromatography is the process of separating components of a mixture based on their relative affinity for a stationary phase and a mobile phase.
17. What type of material is commonly used as the stationary phase in paper chromatography? a) Glass beads b) Aluminum foil c) Filter paper d) Plastic tubing
Answer: c) Filter paper
Solution: Filter paper is commonly used as the stationary phase in paper chromatography due to its porous nature and ability to interact with sample components.
18. Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing separation in paper chromatography? a) Nature of the sample components b) Composition of the solvent system c) Size of the filter paper d) pH of the mobile phase
Answer: c) Size of the filter paper
Solution: While the size of the filter paper may affect the amount of sample that can be loaded onto it, it does not directly influence separation in paper chromatography.
19. What technique is used to visualize separated components in paper chromatography? a) Spectroscopy b) Microscopy c) UV-Vis spectroscopy d) Staining or dyeing
Answer: d) Staining or dyeing
Solution: Staining or dyeing is commonly used to visualize separated components in paper chromatography by enhancing their visibility.
20. What is the purpose of the mobile phase in paper chromatography? a) To provide a matrix for sample interaction b) To carry sample components along the stationary phase c) To enhance resolution and reproducibility d) To prevent migration of sample components
Answer: b) To carry sample components along the stationary phase
Solution: The mobile phase carries sample components along the stationary phase during paper chromatography, facilitating their separation.
21. Which factor can be adjusted to change the separation selectivity in paper chromatography? a) Nature of the stationary phase b) Length of the chromatography column c) Temperature of the environment d) Pressure of the mobile phase
Answer: a) Nature of the stationary phase
Solution: Changing the nature of the stationary phase can alter the separation selectivity in paper chromatography by affecting the interactions between sample components and the stationary phase.
22. What is the primary advantage of paper chromatography over other chromatographic techniques? a) High cost b) High complexity c) Low resolution d) Low equipment requirement
Answer: d) Low equipment requirement
Solution: Paper chromatography requires minimal equipment, making it suitable for routine analysis in laboratories with limited resources.
23. Which type of chromatography is commonly used for separating pigments in plants? a) Gas chromatography b) Liquid chromatography c) Paper chromatography d) Thin-layer chromatography
Answer: c) Paper chromatography
Solution: Paper chromatography is commonly used for separating pigments in plants due to its simplicity and effectiveness.
24. What property of sample components primarily determines their migration rate in paper chromatography? a) Size b) Mass c) Density d) Polarity
Answer: d) Polarity
Solution: The polarity of sample components primarily determines their migration rate in paper chromatography, as it affects their affinity for the stationary phase.
25. In paper chromatography, which factor influences the extent of interaction between sample components and the stationary phase? a) pH of the mobile phase b) Temperature of the environment c) Nature of the solvent system d) Polarity of the stationary phase
Answer: d) Polarity of the stationary phase
Solution: The polarity of the stationary phase influences the extent of interaction between sample components and the stationary phase in paper chromatography.
26. What term describes the phenomenon where components of a mixture separate into distinct bands during chromatography? a) Resolution b) Migration c) Elution d) Band broadening
Answer: a) Resolution
Solution: Resolution refers to the phenomenon where components of a mixture separate into distinct bands during chromatography, indicating the degree of separation achieved.
27. What role does the solvent system play in paper chromatography? a) Determines the composition of the mobile phase b) Enhances the resolution of separated components c) Provides a matrix for sample interaction d) Determines the polarity of the stationary phase
Answer: a) Determines the composition of the mobile phase
Solution: The solvent system determines the composition of the mobile phase in paper chromatography, influencing the migration of sample components.
28. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of paper chromatography? a) High cost b) Low equipment requirement c) Minimal sample preparation d) Suitable for qualitative analysis
Answer: a) High cost
Solution: Paper chromatography is known for its low cost, minimal equipment requirement, minimal sample preparation, and suitability for both qualitative and quantitative analysis.
29. What is the purpose of developing the chromatogram in paper chromatography? a) To visualize separated components b) To enhance sample interaction with the stationary phase c) To control the temperature of the environment d) To adjust the polarity of the mobile phase
Answer: a) To visualize separated components
Solution: Developing the chromatogram in paper chromatography involves visualizing the separated components to analyze the results.
30. Which technique can be used to quantify the amount of each separated component in paper chromatography? a) UV-Vis spectroscopy b) Mass spectrometry c) HPLC d) Densitometry
Answer: d) Densitometry
Solution: Densitometry is a technique used to quantify the amount of each separated component in paper chromatography by measuring the intensity of the separated bands.
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